Graft compatibility for new released Prunus rootstocks

6 Pags.- 2 Tabls. The definitive version is available at: https://www.actahort.org/index.htmGraft compatibility for new Prunus rootstocks recently introduced into the Spanish market or under selection in public and private programmes is assessed in nursery trials. Part of the evaluated material belongs to the Aula Dei Experimental Station (EEAD-CSIC) selection program in Zaragoza, Spain. Another group of rootstocks under test is from the private nursery Agromillora Iberia, S.L. Some of those rootstocks showed good adaptation to Mediterranean growing conditions and resistance to root-knot nematodes. As control, peach-almond (‘GF 677’), peach × P. davidiana (‘Cadaman’), other interspecific plum-based rootstocks (‘Damas GF 1869’, ‘Ishtara’) and different plum species (P. cerasifera: ‘Adara’; P. domestica: ‘Constantí 1’; P. insititia: ‘Adesoto’ and other ‘Pollizo de Murcia’ clones, ‘Saint Julien A’) are used. New evaluated rootstocks include: ‘Densipac R 20’ (P. besseyi × P. cerasifera), ‘Nanopac R 40’ (P. dulcis × P. persica), ‘Replantpac RR’ (P. dulcis × P. cerasifera), ‘AP 45’ [(P. besseyi × P. salicina) × P. armeniaca], ‘Aprimed AP 65’ [(P. armeniaca L. × P. cerasifera Ehrh) × P. pumila L. var. besseyi], and ‘LC 52’ (P. cerasifera × P. maackii), among others. To determine graft-compatibility, commercial cultivars of different Prunus species were budded on some of the evaluated rootstocks. They include: ‘Moniquí’ and ‘Portici’ (apricot); ‘Lauranne’, ‘Nonpareil’, ‘Penta’ and ‘Soleta’ (almond); ‘Angeleno’ and ‘Golden Japan’ (Japanese plum); ‘Big Top’ and ‘Sumergrand’ (nectarine) and ‘Aida’, ‘Carmen’, ‘Cordia’, ‘Ferrovia’, ‘Kovics’, ‘Krupnoplodnaja’, and ‘Sandor’ (cherries). Several degrees of graft incompatibility have been observed for the ‘translocated’ type of incompatibility. In general, peach-almond hybrids and slow-growing plums (P. domestica and P. insititia plums as ‘Adesoto’ and other ‘Pollizo de Murcia’ clones) were graft-compatible with peach, almond and Japanese plum tested cultivars. However, in the case of P. cerasifera, P. besseyi and interspecific hybrids with these species, performance differed substantially depending on the evaluated genotype.This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) grants CDTI IDEI-20130949, AGL2011-24576, and AGL2014-52063-R and was cofunded by the FEDER and the Regional Government of Aragón (A44) with European Social Fund. Alex Salazar was supported by a fellowship from the Secretary of Education, Science and Technology (SENESCYT) of the Ecuadorian Government.Peer reviewe

Performance of sixteen Prunus rootstocks budded with the nectarine cultivar 'Big Top' and grown under root asphyxia conditions

6 Pags.- 2 Tabls.- the definitive version is available at: https://www.actahort.org/index.htmThe influence of 16 Prunus rootstocks on agronomical and basic fruit quality parameters of ‘Big Top’ nectarine was tested in a trial located in the Ebro Valley (Zaragoza, Spain), on a heavy and calcareous soil typical of the Mediterranean area. Six peach-almond hybrids (Adafuel, Adarcias, Garnem, GF 677, PADAC 9902-01 and Rootpac 70), one P. persica × P. davidiana hybrid (Cadaman), five hexaploid plums [P. insititia (Adesoto 101, PM 44 AD, PM 105 AD, PM 150 AD) and P. domestica (Penta)], three plum × peach-almond hybrid rootstocks (PADAC 04-01, PADAC 04-03 and PADAC 99-05), and one almond-plum hybrid [P. cerasifera × P. amygdalus (Rootpac-R)] were budded with the nectarine cultivar ‘Big Top’ during the summer of 2007. Trees were established in the field during the winter of 2008-2009. By the fourth year after planting, growing conditions had generated varying levels of tree mortality; the highest with Garnem, PM 44 AD and Penta, whereas all Adarcias, PADAC 04-01, Rootpac 70 and Rootpac R trees survived well. The lowest vigor was induced by PM 105 AD and PM 150 AD, while the highest vigor was exhibited by Adafuel, although differences were not significant when compared to Cadaman, PADAC 04-01, PADAC 9902-01, PADAC 99-05 and Rootpac 70. Yield efficiency was highest for PM 105 AD and lowest for Adafuel, although differences with the other rootstocks were not significant. Cumulative yield was highest for GF 677 and PADAC 04-01 and lowest for PM 150 AD, although they did not significantly differ when compared to the other rootstocks. The medium to highly vigorous rootstocks (PADAC 04-01, PADAC 99-05 and Rootpac R) tended to induce better organoleptic fruit quality, based on higher concentrations of soluble solids and flesh firmness, demonstrating reasons for their commercial interest as rootstocks for peaches.This study was funded by grants AGL2008-00283, AGL2011-24576 and AGL2014-52063R, cofunded by FEDER, and the Regional Government of Aragon (A44). C. Font was supported by a ‘Juan de la Cierva Incorporación’ grant.Peer reviewe

Long-term graft compatibility study of peach-almond hybrid and plum based rootstocks budded with European and Japanese plums

23 Pags.- 3 Tabls.- 4 Figs. The definitive version is available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03044238The introduction of some new rootstocks requires knowledge of the potential ‘translocated’ and ‘localized’ graft incompatibilities before releasing these rootstocks into the market. Trials were established at the Aula Dei Experimental Station (Zaragoza, Spain) to assess graft compatibility between five European plum (Prunus domestica L.) and six Japanese plum (Prunus salicina L.) cultivars with thirty-eight rootstocks belonging to peach × almond hybrids, as well as slow-growing, fast-growing and interspecific hybrid plum groups. Some of these rootstocks are under process of selection and others are commercial rootstocks already introduced into the European market. External visual diagnosis of the scion-rootstock graft combinations was performed by observing symptoms of the ‘translocated’ incompatibility in the nursery. Visual symptoms of ‘translocated’ incompatibility were only found on the Japanese plum cv. ‘Golden Japan’ budded on the plum-apricot hybrid AP-45. The ‘localized’ graft incompatibility was assessed after internal macroscopically examination of graft unions. In the case of the European plum cvs., ‘President’ and ‘Reine Claude Tardive of Chambourcy’ exhibited good graft compatibility with all the tested rootstocks, with the exception of ‘President’ budded on the pentaploid plum hybrid rootstock Damas GF 1869. ‘Reine Claude Verte’ cv. showed ‘localized’ incompatibility with Myrobalan B and Myrobalan GF 3-1 since the second year after budding. ‘Stanley’ cv. showed ‘localized’ incompatibility with the six evaluated peach × almond hybrid rootstocks, although it was compatible with all plum based rootstocks. In the case of Japanese plums, four cultivars (‘Angeleno’, ‘Black Amber’,’ Delbarazur’ and ‘Songold’) did not show any graft incompatibility, but ‘Friar’ showed ‘localized’ incompatibility on Myrobalan B. In the case of peach-almond and P. cerasifera based rootstocks (Adarcias, GF 677, Damas GF 1869, Myrobalan B, Myrobalan 29 C, Myrobalan GF 3-1 and Marianna GF 8-1), ‘Golden Japan’ trees showed similar symptoms to those caused by TomRV in Myrobalan and peach rootstocks and ‘localized’ incompatibility. Finally, this study confirmed the interest of P. insititia specie as well as several interspecific Prunus hybrids as a good source of rootstocks for the plum industry.Financial support was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) grants CDTI IDEI-20130949, AGL2011-24576 and AGL2014-52063-R, and was co-funded by the FEDER and the Regional Government of Aragón (A44). G. Reig and C. Font i Forcada were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). O. Zarrouk was supported by a fellowship from the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECI). A. Salazar was supported by a fellowship from the Secretary of Education, Science and Technology (SENESCYT) of the Ecuadorian Government.Peer reviewe

Comportamiento de distintos patrones Prunus injertados con la nectarina 'Bip Top' en condiciones de asfixia de raíces

6 Pags.- 2 Tabls. Creative Commons License Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).[ES] En este trabajo se estudió la influencia de quince patrones Prunus sobre el comportamiento agronómico y calidad del fruto de la variedad de nectarina 'Big Top'. Entre los patrones evaluados figuran seis híbridos almendro x melocotonero (Adafuel, Adarcias, Garnem, GF 677, PADAC 9902-01 y Rootpac 70), un híbrido de P. persica x P. davidiana (Cadaman), cuatro ciruelos hexaploides [P. insititia: Adesoto 101, PM 105 AD, PM 150 AD, y P. domestica: Penta], tres híbridos de ciruelo x almendro x melocotonero (PADAC 04-01, PADAC 04-03 y PADAC 99-05), y un híbrido de ciruelo x almendro [P. cerasifera x P. amygdalus: Rootpac R]. Además de los parámetros agronómicos (mortalidad de árboles, vigor, producción y productividad), se determinaron los parámetros básicos de calidad de fruto: firmeza, color, sólidos solubles, acidez valorable e índice de madurez. Al cuarto año de la plantación, se observaron diferencias significativas entre patrones, tanto en los parámetros agronómicos como de calidad del fruto de la variedad injertada.[EN] The influence of sixteen Prunus rootstocks on agronomical and basic fruit quality parameters of the 'Big Top' nectarine was tested. Six peach-almond hybrids (Adafuel, Adarcias, Garnem, GF 677, PADAC 9902-01 and Rootpac 70), one P. persica x P. davidiana hybrid (Cadaman), five hexaploid plums [P. insititia: Adesoto 101, PM 44 AD, PM 105 AD, PM 150 AD, and P. domestica: Penta], three plum x peach-almond hybrid rootstocks (PADAC 04-01, PADAC 04-03 and PADAC 99-05), and one almond-plum hybrid [P. cerasifera x P. amygdalus: Rootpac-R] were budded. Agronomical traits (tree mortality, vigor, yield, and yield efficiency) and fruit quality parameters (firmness, color, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and ripening index) were evaluated. At the fourth year after budding, significant differences between rootstocks were found for agronomical and basic fruit quality parameters of the budded cultivar.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por los proyectos AGL2008-00283, AGL2011- 24576 y AGL2014-52063R, con la cofinanciación FEDER, y el Gobierno de Aragón A44.Peer reviewe

Compatibilidad de diferentes patrones Prunus injertados con ciruelo japonés y albaricoquero

8 Pags.- 1 Fig.- 3 Tabls. Creative Commons License Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).[ES] En este trabajo se ha evaluado la compatibilidad patrón-variedad de distintos patrones Prunus injertados con la variedad de ciruelo japonés 'Golden Japan' y de albaricoquero 'Moniqui'.[EN] This work has been focused on the evaluation of the graft compatibility in different Prunus rootsctocks budded with the japanese plum cultivar 'Golden Japan' and the apricot cv. 'Moniqui'.Este trabajo fue financiado por los proyectos CDTI IDEI-20130949, AGL2011- 24576 y AGL2014-52063-R, con cofinanciación FEDER, y el Gobierno Regional de Aragón (A44). Alex Salazar es becario de la Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT) del Gobierno de la República de Ecuador.Peer reviewe